Title |
Polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder predict creativity
|
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Published in |
Nature Neuroscience, June 2015
|
DOI | 10.1038/nn.4040 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Robert A Power, Stacy Steinberg, Gyda Bjornsdottir, Cornelius A Rietveld, Abdel Abdellaoui, Michel M Nivard, Magnus Johannesson, Tessel E Galesloot, Jouke J Hottenga, Gonneke Willemsen, David Cesarini, Daniel J Benjamin, Patrik K E Magnusson, Fredrik Ullén, Henning Tiemeier, Albert Hofman, Frank J A van Rooij, G Bragi Walters, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Thorgeir E Thorgeirsson, Andres Ingason, Agnar Helgason, Augustine Kong, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Philipp Koellinger, Dorret I Boomsma, Daniel Gudbjartsson, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson |
Abstract |
We tested whether polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder would predict creativity. Higher scores were associated with artistic society membership or creative profession in both Icelandic (P = 5.2 × 10(-6) and 3.8 × 10(-6) for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder scores, respectively) and replication cohorts (P = 0.0021 and 0.00086). This could not be accounted for by increased relatedness between creative individuals and those with psychoses, indicating that creativity and psychosis share genetic roots. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Japan | 110 | 15% |
United States | 97 | 14% |
Spain | 33 | 5% |
United Kingdom | 32 | 4% |
Canada | 11 | 2% |
Australia | 10 | 1% |
Netherlands | 10 | 1% |
Mexico | 8 | 1% |
Germany | 7 | <1% |
Other | 57 | 8% |
Unknown | 338 | 47% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 577 | 81% |
Scientists | 100 | 14% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 19 | 3% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 16 | 2% |
Unknown | 1 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 10 | 1% |
Spain | 4 | <1% |
Germany | 3 | <1% |
Japan | 3 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 2 | <1% |
Italy | 2 | <1% |
Israel | 1 | <1% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
Australia | 1 | <1% |
Other | 8 | 1% |
Unknown | 643 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 140 | 21% |
Researcher | 119 | 18% |
Student > Bachelor | 69 | 10% |
Student > Master | 63 | 9% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 39 | 6% |
Other | 139 | 21% |
Unknown | 109 | 16% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 125 | 18% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 100 | 15% |
Neuroscience | 71 | 10% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 68 | 10% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 61 | 9% |
Other | 91 | 13% |
Unknown | 162 | 24% |