To develop specific charts for body mass index (BMI-for-age) for Brazilian individuals with Down syndrome (DS). The secondary objective was to compare the BMI-for-age values with the standards set forth by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
A retrospective and cross-sectional growth study of 706 youth with DS (56.7% males) was performed in 51 centers in São Paulo state, Brazil. Data on weight and height were used to calculate the BMI (kg/m(2)). The LMS method was applied to construct the growth charts. Z-scores were based on the CDC 2000 growth standards.
The BMI-for-age reference charts showed excellent adjustment statistical for boys and girls with DS aged 2-18 years. At 2 years of age, the mean BMI Z-scores of boys and girls with DS were lower compared to those of the CDC (Z-score=-0.2). In contrast, children with DS had higher mean Z-scores for BMI-for-age from 3 to 18 years when compared to those of the CDC (Z-scores=+0.2 to +1.3).
Young Brazilian individuals with DS have different development standards for BMI when compared to those of the CDC. These are the first Brazilian BMI-for-age charts for young individuals with DS and will hopefully guide clinicians and parents in the evaluation and management of the nutritional status in children and adolescents with DS in Brazil.