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High prevalence of norovirus in children with sporadic acute gastroenteritis in Manaus, Amazon Region, northern Brazil

Overview of attention for article published in Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, June 2017
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Title
High prevalence of norovirus in children with sporadic acute gastroenteritis in Manaus, Amazon Region, northern Brazil
Published in
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, June 2017
DOI 10.1590/0074-02760160357
Pubmed ID
Authors

Samya Thalita Picanço da Costa, Tulio Machado Fumian, Ian Carlos Gomes de Lima, Jones Anderson Monteiro Siqueira, Luciana Damascena da Silva, Juliana das Mercês Hernández, Maria Silvia Souza de Lucena, Tammy Kathlyn Amaral Reymão, Luana da Silva Soares, Joana D’Arc Pereira Mascarenhas, Yvone Benchimol Gabbay

Abstract

Norovirus (NoV) is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide, especially in children under five years. Studies involving the detection and molecular characterisation of NoV have been performed in Brazil, demonstrating its importance as an etiological agent of AGE. The objectives of this study were to investigate the frequency of human NoV and to genotype the strains isolated from 0-14-year-old patients of AGE in Manaus, Brazil, over a period of two years. A total of 426 faecal samples were collected between January 2010 and December 2011. All samples were tested for the presence of NoV antigens using a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit. RNA was extracted from all faecal suspensions and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the NoV-polymerase partial region was performed as a trial test. Positive samples were then subjected to PCR with specific primers for partial capsid genes, which were then sequenced. NoV was detected in 150 (35.2%) faecal samples, for at least one of the two techniques used. NoV was detected in children from all age groups, with the highest positivity observed among the group of 1-2 years old. Clinically, fever was verified in 43% of the positive cases and 46.3% of the negative cases, and vomiting was observed in 75.8% and 70.8% cases in these groups, respectively. Monthly distribution showed that the highest positivity was observed in January 2010 (81.2%), followed by February and April 2010 and March 2011, when the positivity rate reached almost 50%. Phylogenetic analyses performed with 65 positive strains demonstrated that 58 (89.2%) cases of NoV belonged to genotype GII.4, five (7.7%) to GII.6, and one (1.5%) each to GII.7 and GII.3. This research revealed a high circulation of NoV GII.4 in Manaus and contributed to the understanding of the importance of this virus in the aetiology of AGE cases, especially in a region with such few studies available.

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The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 40 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 40 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Bachelor 8 20%
Student > Doctoral Student 6 15%
Student > Master 5 13%
Researcher 4 10%
Student > Ph. D. Student 3 8%
Other 6 15%
Unknown 8 20%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 7 18%
Medicine and Dentistry 5 13%
Immunology and Microbiology 3 8%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 3 8%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science 2 5%
Other 7 18%
Unknown 13 33%