Title |
Estudo de validação das equações de Tanaka e de Kawasaki para estimar a excreção diária de sódio através da coleta da urina casual
|
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Published in |
Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, December 2015
|
DOI | 10.1590/1980-5497201500060020 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
José Geraldo Mill, Sérgio Lamêgo Rodrigues, Marcelo Perim Baldo, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Celia Landmann Szwarcwald |
Abstract |
To validate Tanaka and Kawasaki's formulas to calculate the salt intake by the sodium/creatinine ratio in spot of urine. Two hundred and seventy two adults (20 - 69 years old; 52.6% women) with 24 h urine collection and two urinary spots collected on the same day (while fasting - spot 1 - or not fasting - spot 2). Anthropometry, blood pressure and fasting blood were measured on the same day. The analysis of agreement between salt consumption measured in the 24 h urine test and urinary spots were determined by the Pearson's correlation (r) and the Bland & Altman method. The mean salt consumption measured by the 24 h sodium excretion was 10.4 ± 5.3 g/day. The correlation between the measured 24 h sodium excretion and the estimation based on spots 1 and 2, respectively, was only moderated according to Tanaka (r = 0.51 and r = 0.55; p < 0.001) and to Kawasaki (r = 0.52 and r = 0.54; p < 0.001). We observed an increasing underestimation of salt consumption by Tanaka to increasing salt consumption and conversely, an overestimation of consumption by the Kawasaki formula. The estimation of salt consumption (difference between measured and calculated salt consumption lower than 1 g/day) was adequate only when the consumption was between 9 - 12 g/day (Tanaka) and 12 - 18 g/day (Kawasaki). Spot urine sampling is adequate to estimate salt consumption only among individuals with an actual consumption near the population mean. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 29 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 5 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 14% |
Student > Master | 4 | 14% |
Professor | 2 | 7% |
Other | 6 | 21% |
Unknown | 4 | 14% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 11 | 38% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 6 | 21% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 10% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 3% |
Sports and Recreations | 1 | 3% |
Other | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 6 | 21% |