Title |
Depression in Parkinson's disease: diagnosis and treatment
|
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Published in |
Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, August 2012
|
DOI | 10.1590/s0004-282x2012000800011 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Flavio Henrique de Rezende Costa, Ana Lucia Zuma Rosso, Henryk Maultasch, Denise Hack Nicaretta, Maurice Borges Vincent |
Abstract |
The prevalence of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) is high. Depression varies from 20 to 50% of the PD patients, and is associated with increasing disability. The key characteristics of depression are anhedonia and low mood. The recommended scales for screening purposes are: HAM-D, BDI, HADS, MADRS and GDS. As for measurement of severity: HAM-D, MADRS, BDI and SDS. In cases with mild depression, non-pharmacological intervention is the treatment of choice. In moderate depression, antidepressants are required. The choice of an antidepressant should be based mainly on the comorbidities and unique features of the patient. Evidence for antidepressant effectiveness is seen mostly with amitriptyline and nortriptyline, but one should be cautious in elderly patients. Other antidepressants that can be prescribed are: citalopram, escitalopram, sertraline, bupropion, trazodone, venlafaxine, mirtazapine and duloxetin. The dopaminergic agonist pramipexole is a treatment option. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 50% |
Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Scientists | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 2 | 2% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
Germany | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 122 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 17 | 13% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 16 | 13% |
Student > Master | 15 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 14 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 9 | 7% |
Other | 24 | 19% |
Unknown | 32 | 25% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 35 | 28% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 11 | 9% |
Psychology | 9 | 7% |
Neuroscience | 7 | 6% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 6 | 5% |
Other | 22 | 17% |
Unknown | 37 | 29% |