Aproximación etnográfica al concepto de salud y enfermedad en la tribu turkana: proyecto para la mejora de la salud de los nómadas del Triángulo de Ilemi, Kenia

José Javier Cardós García, Manuel Lillo Crespo, Andrés Climent Rubio, Emiliano Hernández Urrutia, Beatriz Mejias Moreno

This paper aims to provide a broad view of the Turkana tribe of the Ilemi Triangle in northwestern Kenya, especially regarding the way the members of this nomadic ethnic group understand and shape their own construct of health and disease. It is based in an ethnographic study carried out in July and August 2014, including participant observation of 15 villages of the Turkana tribe, formal interviews and in-depth interviews carried out with the collaboration of two translators of the tribe and a nurse. Field notes as well videos and audio records were captured and transcribed for later analysis. Among the primary results of this study, it should be highlighted that the concepts of both health and disease differ greatly from the western approach that external projects bring with them a priori and it is likely that the lack of adherence to these projects is related to the scant cultural knowledge regarding such constructs on the part of the health professionals.