Title |
Psychoactive natural products: overview of recent developments.
|
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Published in |
Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità, January 2014
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DOI | 10.4415/ann_14_01_04 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
István Ujváry |
Abstract |
Natural psychoactive substances have fascinated the curious mind of shamans, artists, scholars and laymen since antiquity. During the twentieth century, the chemical composition of the most important psychoactive drugs, that is opium, cannabis, coca and "magic mushrooms", has been fully elucidated. The mode of action of the principal ingredients has also been deciphered at the molecular level. In the past two decades, the use of herbal drugs, such as kava, kratom and Salvia divinorum, began to spread beyond their traditional geographical and cultural boundaries. The aim of the present paper is to briefly summarize recent findings on the psychopharmacology of the most prominent psychoactive natural products. Current knowledge on a few lesser-known drugs, including bufotenine, glaucine, kava, betel, pituri, lettuce opium and kanna is also reviewed. In addition, selected cases of alleged natural (or semi-natural) products are also mentioned. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | 40% |
Italy | 1 | 20% |
Slovenia | 1 | 20% |
Brazil | 1 | 20% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 16 | 320% |
Student > Bachelor | 13 | 260% |
Researcher | 12 | 240% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 200% |
Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 60% |
Other | 15 | 300% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 13 | 260% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 10 | 200% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 160% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 8 | 160% |
Chemistry | 6 | 120% |
Other | 19 | 380% |