Voltage-gated proton (Hv1) channels are dimers, where each subunit has a separate permeation pathway. However, opening of the two pathways is highly cooperative. It is unclear how Hv1 channels open their permeation pathways, because Hv1 channels lack a classic pore domain. Using voltage-clamp fluorometry, we here detect two conformational changes reported by a fluorophore attached to the voltage sensor S4 in Hv1 channels. The first is voltage dependent and precedes channel opening, with properties consistent with reporting on independent S4 charge movements in the two subunits. The second is less voltage dependent and closely correlates with channel opening. Mutations that reduce dimerization or alter the intersubunit interface affect both the second conformational change and channel opening. These observations suggest that, following an initial S4 charge movement in the two subunits, there is a second, cooperative conformational change, involving interactions between subunits, that opens both pathways in Hv1 channels.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
5
6%
Chemistry
4
5%
Other
7
9%
Unknown
10
13%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 8. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 23 February 2013.
All research outputs
#4,659,861
of 25,374,917 outputs
Outputs from Neuron
#4,756
of 9,545 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#45,587
of 289,004 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Neuron
#53
of 98 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,374,917 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 81st percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 9,545 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 33.2. This one is in the 49th percentile – i.e., 49% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 289,004 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 84% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 98 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 45th percentile – i.e., 45% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
