| Title |
Detecting Allosteric Sites of HIV‑1 Reverse Transcriptase by X‑ray Crystallographic Fragment Screening
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, February 2013
|
| DOI | 10.1021/jm301271j |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Joseph D. Bauman, Disha Patel, Chhaya Dharia, Marc W. Fromer, Sameer Ahmed, Yulia Frenkel, R. S. K. Vijayan, J. Thomas Eck, William C. Ho, Kalyan Das, Aaron J. Shatkin, Eddy Arnold |
| Abstract |
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) undergoes a series of conformational changes during viral replication and is a central target for antiretroviral therapy. The intrinsic flexibility of RT can provide novel allosteric sites for inhibition. Crystals of RT that diffract X-rays to better than 2 Å resolution facilitated the probing of RT for new druggable sites using fragment screening by X-ray crystallography. A total of 775 fragments were grouped into 143 cocktails, which were soaked into crystals of RT in complex with the non-nucleoside drug rilpivirine (TMC278). Seven new sites were discovered, including the Incoming Nucleotide Binding, Knuckles, NNRTI Adjacent, and 399 sites, located in the polymerase region of RT, and the 428, RNase H Primer Grip Adjacent, and 507 sites, located in the RNase H region. Three of these sites (Knuckles, NNRTI Adjacent, and Incoming Nucleotide Binding) are inhibitory and provide opportunities for discovery of new anti-AIDS drugs. |
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X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 2 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 108 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 24 | 22% |
| Researcher | 24 | 22% |
| Student > Master | 10 | 9% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 7% |
| Professor | 6 | 5% |
| Other | 17 | 15% |
| Unknown | 22 | 20% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Chemistry | 38 | 34% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 18 | 16% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 17 | 15% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 5 | 5% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 3% |
| Other | 6 | 5% |
| Unknown | 24 | 22% |