Title |
Activity and Resistance of a Brain-Permeable Paradox Breaker BRAF Inhibitor in Melanoma Brain Metastasis.
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Published in |
Cancer Research, May 2022
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DOI | 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4152 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Ester Bonfill-Teixidor, Raffaella Iurlaro, Cornelia Handl, Jürgen Wichmann, Alexandra Arias, Isabel Cuartas, Jasmin Emmenegger, Andrea Romagnani, Luca Mangano, Thomas Lorber, Marco Berrera, Christina Godfried Sie, Fabian Köchl, Jan Eckmann, Romi Feddersen, Martin Kornacker, Gabriel Schnetzler, Marta Cicuendez, Esteban Cordero, Thomaz E Topczewski, Abel Ferres-Pijoan, Josep González, Francisco Martínez-Ricarte, Eva Muñoz-Couselo, Josep Tabernero, James R Bischoff, Piergiorgio Pettazzoni, Joan Seoane |
Abstract |
The therapeutic benefit of approved BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi) in patients with brain metastatic BRAF V600E/K-mutated melanoma is limited and transient. Resistance largely occurs through the restoration of MAPK signaling via paradoxical BRAF activation, highlighting the need for more effective therapeutic options. Aiming to address this clinical challenge, we characterized the activity of a potent, brain-penetrant paradox breaker BRAFi (compound 1a, C1a) as first line therapy and following progression upon treatment with approved BRAFi and BRAFi/MEKi therapies. C1a activity was evaluated in vitro and in vivo in melanoma cell lines and patient-derived models of BRAF V600E-mutant melanoma brain metastases following relapse after treatment with BRAFi/MEKi. C1a showed superior efficacy compared to approved BRAFi, both in subcutaneous and brain metastatic models. Importantly, C1a manifested potent and prolonged antitumor activity even in models that progressed on BRAFi/MEKi treatment. Analysis of mechanisms of resistance to C1a revealed MAPK reactivation under drug treatment as the predominant resistance-driving event in both subcutaneous and intracranial tumors. Specifically, BRAF kinase domain duplication was identified as a frequently occurring driver of resistance to C1a. Combination therapies of C1a and anti-PD1 antibody proved to significantly reduce disease recurrence. Collectively, these preclinical studies validate the outstanding antitumor activity of C1a in brain metastasis, support clinical investigation of this agent in patients pretreated with BRAFi/MEKi, unveil genetic drivers of tumor escape from C1a, and identify a combinatorial treatment that achieves long-lasting responses. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Spain | 9 | 41% |
United States | 2 | 9% |
Colombia | 1 | 5% |
Australia | 1 | 5% |
France | 1 | 5% |
Portugal | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 7 | 32% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 14 | 64% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 4 | 18% |
Scientists | 3 | 14% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 5% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 11 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 2 | 18% |
Unspecified | 1 | 9% |
Student > Bachelor | 1 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 1 | 9% |
Student > Master | 1 | 9% |
Other | 1 | 9% |
Unknown | 4 | 36% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 36% |
Unspecified | 1 | 9% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 1 | 9% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 1 | 9% |
Unknown | 4 | 36% |