Title |
Macrophage ACE2 is necessary for SARS-CoV-2 replication and subsequent cytokine responses that restrict continued virion release
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Published in |
Science Signaling, April 2023
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DOI | 10.1126/scisignal.abq1366 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Larisa I Labzin, Keng Yih Chew, Kathrin Eschke, Xiaohui Wang, Tyron Esposito, Claudia J Stocks, James Rae, Ralph Patrick, Helen Mostafavi, Brittany Hill, Teodor E Yordanov, Caroline L Holley, Stefan Emming, Svenja Fritzlar, Francesca L Mordant, Daniel P Steinfort, Kanta Subbarao, Christian M Nefzger, Anne K Lagendijk, Emma J Gordon, Robert G Parton, Kirsty R Short, Sarah L Londrigan, Kate Schroder |
Abstract |
Macrophages are key cellular contributors to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 is present only on a subset of macrophages at sites of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. Here, we investigated whether SARS-CoV-2 can enter macrophages, replicate, and release new viral progeny; whether macrophages need to sense a replicating virus to drive cytokine release; and, if so, whether ACE2 is involved in these mechanisms. We found that SARS-CoV-2 could enter, but did not replicate within, ACE2-deficient human primary macrophages and did not induce proinflammatory cytokine expression. By contrast, ACE2 overexpression in human THP-1-derived macrophages permitted SARS-CoV-2 entry, processing and replication, and virion release. ACE2-overexpressing THP-1 macrophages sensed active viral replication and triggered proinflammatory, antiviral programs mediated by the kinase TBK-1 that limited prolonged viral replication and release. These findings help elucidate the role of ACE2 and its absence in macrophage responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Australia | 21 | 12% |
United States | 16 | 9% |
United Kingdom | 8 | 5% |
Mexico | 8 | 5% |
Japan | 7 | 4% |
Canada | 3 | 2% |
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 3 | 2% |
France | 3 | 2% |
Germany | 2 | 1% |
Other | 19 | 11% |
Unknown | 81 | 47% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 120 | 70% |
Scientists | 42 | 25% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 5 | 3% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 4 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 27 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 8 | 30% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 15% |
Student > Master | 2 | 7% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 1 | 4% |
Other | 1 | 4% |
Other | 2 | 7% |
Unknown | 9 | 33% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Immunology and Microbiology | 7 | 26% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 11% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 11% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 7% |
Computer Science | 1 | 4% |
Other | 2 | 7% |
Unknown | 9 | 33% |