The Staphylococcus aureus AirSR Two-Component System Mediates Reactive Oxygen Species Resistance via Transcriptional Regulation of Staphyloxanthin Production
Staphylococcus aureus is an important opportunistic pathogen and etiologically agent of many hospital- and community-acquired infections. The golden pigment, staphyloxanthin, of S. aureus colonies distinguishes it from other staphylococci and related Gram-positive cocci. Staphyloxanthin is the product of a series of biosynthetic steps that produce a unique membrane-embedded C (30) golden carotenoid and is an important antioxidant. We observed a strain with an inducible airR overexpression cassette had noticeably increased staphyloxanthin production compared to the wild-type strain under aerobic culturing conditions. Further analysis revealed depletion or overproduction of the AirR response regulator resulted in a corresponding decrease or increase in staphyloxanthin production and susceptibility to killing by hydrogen peroxide, respectively. Furthermore, the genetic elimination of staphyloxanthin during AirR overproduction abolished the protective phenotype of increased staphyloxanthin production in a whole blood survival assay. Promoter-reporter and gel-shift assays determined the AirR response regulator is a direct positive regulator of the staphyloxanthin biosynthetic operon, crtOPQMN, but is epistatic to alternative sigma factor B. Taken together, these data indicate the AirSR positively regulates the staphyloxanthin biosynthetic operon crtOPQMN, promoting survival of S. aureus in the presence of oxidants.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
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3%
Other
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Unknown
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Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 23 October 2019.
All research outputs
#8,262,981
of 25,377,790 outputs
Outputs from Infection and Immunity
#4,655
of 13,522 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#142,816
of 422,403 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Infection and Immunity
#14
of 53 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,377,790 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 66th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 13,522 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.9. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 64% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 53 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 73% of its contemporaries.
