| Title |
Glutamate Receptor Antagonists as Fast-Acting Therapeutic Alternatives for the Treatment of Depression: Ketamine and Other Compounds
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Annual Review of Pharmacology & Toxicology, January 2014
|
| DOI | 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-011613-135950 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors | |
| Abstract |
The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine has rapid and potent antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder and bipolar depression. These effects are in direct contrast to the more modest effects seen after weeks of treatment with classic monoaminergic antidepressants. Numerous open-label and case studies similarly validate ketamine's antidepressant properties. These clinical findings have been reverse-translated into preclinical models in an effort to elucidate ketamine's antidepressant mechanism of action, and three important targets have been identified: mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2), and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). Current clinical and preclinical research is focused on (a) prolonging/maintaining ketamine's antidepressant effects, (b) developing more selective NMDA receptor antagonists free of ketamine's adverse effects, and (c) identifying predictor, mediator/moderator, and treatment response biomarkers of ketamine's antidepressant effects. |
Login to access the Attention Digest and the Sentiment Analysis related to this output.
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 25% |
| Pakistan | 1 | 25% |
| United States | 1 | 25% |
| Unknown | 1 | 25% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 50% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 25% |
| Scientists | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 5 | 2% |
| Brazil | 2 | <1% |
| Korea, Republic of | 1 | <1% |
| India | 1 | <1% |
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 249 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 43 | 17% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 36 | 14% |
| Researcher | 31 | 12% |
| Student > Master | 24 | 9% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 17 | 7% |
| Other | 47 | 18% |
| Unknown | 61 | 24% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 57 | 22% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 36 | 14% |
| Neuroscience | 35 | 14% |
| Psychology | 18 | 7% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 14 | 5% |
| Other | 26 | 10% |
| Unknown | 73 | 28% |