Metformin (MET), the first-line medication for Type-2 Diabetes (T2D), has been shown to reduce chronic inflammation indirectly through reduction of hyperglycemia, or directly acting as anti-inflammatory drug. The effects of MET on B lymphocytes is uncharacterized. In the present study, we measured in vivo and in vitro influenza vaccine responses in 2 groups of T2D patients: recently diagnosed but not taking anti-diabetic drugs, and patients taking MET. Results show that B cell function and vaccine responses, hampered by obesity and T2D, are recovered by MET. Moreover, MET used in vitro to stimulate B cells from recently diagnosed T2D patients is also able to reduce B cell-intrinsic inflammation and increase antibody responses, similar to what we have seen in B cells from patients taking MET, who show increased responses to the influenza vaccine in vivo. These results are the first to show an effect of MET on B cells.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
5
7%
Immunology and Microbiology
5
7%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
4
6%
Other
6
9%
Unknown
23
34%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 15. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 25 February 2021.
All research outputs
#3,138,148
of 33,977,172 outputs
Outputs from Vaccine
#3,297
of 20,185 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#43,913
of 353,249 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Vaccine
#63
of 257 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 33,977,172 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 90th percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 20,185 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 19.0. This one has done well, scoring higher than 83% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 353,249 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 87% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 257 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 75% of its contemporaries.
