Title |
Formation temperatures of thermogenic and biogenic methane
|
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Published in |
Science, June 2014
|
DOI | 10.1126/science.1254509 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
D. A. Stolper, M. Lawson, C. L. Davis, A. A. Ferreira, E. V. Santos Neto, G. S. Ellis, M. D. Lewan, A. M. Martini, Y. Tang, M. Schoell, A. L. Sessions, J. M. Eiler |
Abstract |
Methane is an important greenhouse gas and energy resource generated dominantly by methanogens at low temperatures and through the breakdown of organic molecules at high temperatures. However, methane-formation temperatures in nature are often poorly constrained. We measured formation temperatures of thermogenic and biogenic methane using a "clumped isotope" technique. Thermogenic gases yield formation temperatures between 157° and 221°C, within the nominal gas window, and biogenic gases yield formation temperatures consistent with their comparatively lower-temperature formational environments (<50°C). In systems where gases have migrated and other proxies for gas-generation temperature yield ambiguous results, methane clumped-isotope temperatures distinguish among and allow for independent tests of possible gas-formation models. |
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Trinidad and Tobago | 1 | 14% |
Mexico | 1 | 14% |
Puerto Rico | 1 | 14% |
Japan | 1 | 14% |
Unknown | 1 | 14% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Scientists | 1 | 14% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
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United States | 7 | 2% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Japan | 1 | <1% |
China | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 305 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 63 | 20% |
Researcher | 57 | 18% |
Student > Master | 52 | 16% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 21 | 7% |
Student > Bachelor | 19 | 6% |
Other | 54 | 17% |
Unknown | 50 | 16% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Earth and Planetary Sciences | 132 | 42% |
Environmental Science | 38 | 12% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 23 | 7% |
Chemistry | 15 | 5% |
Engineering | 10 | 3% |
Other | 23 | 7% |
Unknown | 75 | 24% |