We reported the expression of the homeodomain-containing transcription factor Engrailed-2 (EN2) in prostate cancer and showed that the presence of EN2 protein in the urine was highly predictive of prostate cancer. This study aimed to determine whether patients with prostate cancer have EN2 auto-antibodies, what the prevalence of these antibodies is and whether they are associated with disease stage. The spontaneous IgG immune response against EN2 and for comparison the tumour antigen NY-ESO-1, were tested by ELISA in three different cohorts of prostate cancer patients as well as a group of men genetically predisposed to prostate cancer. 32/353 (9.1%) of the SUN cohort representing all stages of prostate cancer demonstrated EN2 IgG responses, 12/107 patients (11.2%) in the advanced prostate cancer patients showed responses, whilst only 4/121 patients (3.3%) with castrate resistant prostate cancer showed EN2 auto-antibodies. No significant responses were found in the predisposed group. Anti-EN2 IgG responses were significantly higher in patients with prostate cancer compared to healthy control males and similarly prevalent to anti-NY-ESO-1 responses. Whilst EN2 autoantibodies are not a useful diagnostic or monitoring tool EN2 immunogenicity does provide the rationale to pursue studies using EN2 as an immunotherapeutic target.
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 17 January 2019.
All research outputs
#6,940,930
of 22,758,248 outputs
Outputs from Clinical & Experimental Immunology
#1,079
of 3,733 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#65,827
of 225,950 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical & Experimental Immunology
#19
of 56 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,758,248 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 68th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 3,733 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.6. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 70% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 225,950 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 69% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 56 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 64% of its contemporaries.
