Background:The risk factors for acute episodes of respiratory disease in current and former smokers who do not chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are unknown. Methods:8246 non-Hispanic White and African American current and former smokers in the COPDGene cohort had longitudinal follow up (LFU) every six months to determine acute respiratory episodes requiring antibiotics or systemic corticosteroids, an emergency room visit, or hospitalization. Negative binomial regression was used to determine factors associated with acute respiratory episodes. A Cox-proportional hazards model was used to determine adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for time to first episode and an acute episode of respiratory disease risk score. Results:At enrollment, 4442 subjects did not have COPD, 658 had mild and 3146 had moderate or worse COPD. 9303 acute episodes of respiratory disease and 2707 hospitalizations were reported in LFU (3044 acute episodes of respiratory disease and 827 hospitalizations in those without COPD). Major predictors included: acute episodes of respiratory disease in year prior to enrollment (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.15-1.24 per exacerbation), airflow obstruction (HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.91-0.96 per 10% change in %predicted forced expiratory volume at 1 second), and poor health related quality of life (HR 1.07; 95% CI 1.06-1.08 for each 4 unit increase in St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire Score). Risks were similar for those with and without COPD. Conclusions:Although acute episodes of respiratory disease rates are higher in subjects with COPD, risk factors are similar and at a population level there are more episodes in smokers without COPD.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
4
6%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
3
4%
Computer Science
3
4%
Other
6
8%
Unknown
22
31%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 6. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 04 December 2018.
All research outputs
#9,299,400
of 34,559,526 outputs
Outputs from CHEST
#8,796
of 18,319 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#80,034
of 298,670 outputs
Outputs of similar age from CHEST
#74
of 288 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 34,559,526 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 73rd percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 18,319 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 13.2. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 51% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 298,670 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 73% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 288 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 73% of its contemporaries.
