We sought to quantify the association between slow wave (stage N3) sleep and hypertension in a large cohort of middle-aged men and women. Data from 1850 participants free of baseline hypertension from the Sleep Heart Health Study were analyzed. The primary exposure was percentage of N3 sleep on baseline in-home polysomnography and the primary outcome was incident hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, and/or use of any blood pressure lowering medications at follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression models were adjusted for study site, age, sex, race, waist circumference, tobacco use, alcohol use, apnea-hypopnea index, nocturnal oxygen desaturation, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and arousal index. Mean age was 59.4±10.1 years and 55.5% were female. The mean baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 118.8 mm Hg and 70.6 mm Hg, respectively. Approximately 30% of the sample developed hypertension during a mean follow-up of 5.3 years. In the multi-adjusted model, participants in quartiles 1 (<9.8%) and 2 (9.8-17.7%) of N3 sleep had significantly greater odds of incident hypertension compared to those in quartile 3 (17.7-25.2%) (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.21-2.36, p=0.002 and OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.04-2.00, p=0.03, respectively). No significant effect modification by sex on the N3-hypertension association was observed. In conclusion, compared to intermediate levels of N3 sleep (overlapping the "normal" adult range), lower levels of percent N3 sleep are associated with increased odds of incident hypertension in both men and women, independent of potential confounders, including indices of sleep apnea and sleep fragmentation.
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 9. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 30 December 2018.
All research outputs
#5,809,473
of 34,372,222 outputs
Outputs from Sleep
#2,393
of 6,053 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#72,666
of 371,748 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Sleep
#26
of 43 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 34,372,222 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 83rd percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 6,053 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 33.9. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 60% of its peers.
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