Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection with direct acting antivirals results in a rapid decline in viral load and markers of hepatic inflammation, including serum CXCL10 concentration, which is followed in most cases by a sustained virologic response. Whether parallel changes of significance occur in the cellular composition of peripheral blood is relatively unknown. We hypothesized that longitudinal characterization of peripheral blood during treatment would provide insight into cellular migration and immune activation, which would have implications for understanding host immunity both before and after HCV treatment and may relate to HCV clearance. We analyzed longitudinal peripheral innate and adaptive immune cell populations by flow cytometry from 95 subjects enrolled in two direct acting antiviral clinical trials, and examined chemokine receptor expression on T-lymphocytes in 43 patients. Within 1-2 weeks of initiating treatment, significant increases were observed in the concentration of peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes, but not monocyte or natural killer cells. In tandem with these changes, the percent of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes with an activated phenotype (HLA-DR+ and CD38+) decreased, and T-lymphocyte surface expression of CXCR3, the chemokine receptor for CXCL10, increased.
Rapid changes in peripheral cellular populations occur during DAA -treatment of HCV infection, which could potentially relate to hepatic efflux of tissue lymphocytes due to altered inflammation and chemokine receptor signaling, providing critical insight into the relationship between host immunity and viral clearance during hepatitis C virus infection.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
1
6%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
1
6%
Other
0
0%
Unknown
5
29%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 05 December 2017.
All research outputs
#28,784,103
of 34,563,371 outputs
Outputs from HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
#1,461
of 1,588 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#286,489
of 356,066 outputs
Outputs of similar age from HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
#21
of 28 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 34,563,371 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 9th percentile – i.e., 9% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,588 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 14.2. This one is in the 3rd percentile – i.e., 3% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 356,066 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 10th percentile – i.e., 10% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 28 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 14th percentile – i.e., 14% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
