Postnatal mammary gland development and differentiation occur during puberty and pregnancy. To explore the role of DNA methylation in these processes, we determined the genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression profiles of CD24(+)CD61(+)CD29(hi), CD24(+)CD61(+)CD29(lo), and CD24(+)CD61(-)CD29(lo) cell populations that were previously associated with distinct biological properties at different ages and reproductive stages. We found that pregnancy had the most significant effects on CD24(+)CD61(+)CD29(hi) and CD24(+)CD61(+)CD29(lo) cells, inducing distinct epigenetic states that were maintained through life. Integrated analysis of gene expression, DNA methylation, and histone modification profiles revealed cell-type- and reproductive-stage-specific changes. We identified p27 and TGFβ signaling as key regulators of CD24(+)CD61(+)CD29(lo) cell proliferation, based on their expression patterns and results from mammary gland explant cultures. Our results suggest that relatively minor changes in DNA methylation occur during luminal differentiation compared with the effects of pregnancy on CD24(+)CD61(+)CD29(hi) and CD24(+)CD61(+)CD29(lo) cells.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
3
4%
Computer Science
1
1%
Other
0
0%
Unknown
21
29%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 13 May 2022.
All research outputs
#8,786,035
of 28,080,513 outputs
Outputs from Stem Cell Reports
#1,594
of 2,260 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#104,062
of 368,253 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Stem Cell Reports
#35
of 43 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 28,080,513 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 68th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,260 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 26.1. This one is in the 28th percentile – i.e., 28% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 368,253 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 71% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 43 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 13th percentile – i.e., 13% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
