Current evidence suggests that the development of allosensitized cytotoxic T lymphocytes within sponge matrix allografts takes place primarily in situ and may be regulated by the secretory products of the cells infiltrating the graft. In vitro studies have implicated IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6 in CTL development. We have reported that TNF-alpha, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-1, IFN-alpha, and IFN-beta are present in the allograft, but that IL-2 and IL-4 cannot be detected at any time using specific bioassays. In this study, we found significantly higher levels of IL-6 within the allografts compared with the syngeneic grafts. Peak IL-6 activity coincided with the appearance of allosensitized CTL in the allografts. IL-6 concentration in the serum of sponge allografted mice was less than 1% of that found in the graft. The sponge fluid exhibited both hybridoma growth factor and hepatocyte-stimulating factor activities in vitro, and both these activities were neutralized by antibody to murine IL-6 but not by antibody to murine IL-1-beta or TNF-alpha. Messenger RNA for murine IL-6 was detected in the graft-infiltrating cells. The high level of IL-6 found in the allograft coincident with the appearance of cellular immunity suggests that this cytokine might play some role in the development of allospecific CTL in vivo.
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 6. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 14 April 2026.
All research outputs
#7,582,289
of 34,364,397 outputs
Outputs from Transplantation
#2,281
of 10,680 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#4,513
of 24,870 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Transplantation
#7
of 43 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 34,364,397 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 73rd percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 10,680 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.1. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 67% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 24,870 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 66% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 43 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 62% of its contemporaries.
