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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Pandemic HIV-1 Vpu overcomes intrinsic herd immunity mediated by tetherin
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Scientific Reports, July 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1038/srep12256 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Shingo Iwami, Kei Sato, Satoru Morita, Hisashi Inaba, Tomoko Kobayashi, Junko S. Takeuchi, Yuichi Kimura, Naoko Misawa, Fengrong Ren, Yoh Iwasa, Kazuyuki Aihara, Yoshio Koyanagi |
| Abstract |
Among the four groups of HIV-1 (M, N, O, and P), HIV-1M alone is pandemic and has rapidly expanded across the world. However, why HIV-1M has caused a devastating pandemic while the other groups remain contained is unclear. Interestingly, only HIV-1M Vpu, a viral protein, can robustly counteract human tetherin, which tethers budding virions. Therefore, we hypothesize that this property of HIV-1M Vpu facilitates human-to-human viral transmission. Adopting a multilayered experimental-mathematical approach, we demonstrate that HIV-1M Vpu confers a 2.38-fold increase in the prevalence of HIV-1 transmission. When Vpu activity is lost, protected human populations emerge (i.e., intrinsic herd immunity develops) through the anti-viral effect of tetherin. We also reveal that all Vpus of transmitted/founder HIV-1M viruses maintain anti-tetherin activity. These findings indicate that tetherin plays the role of a host restriction factor, providing 'intrinsic herd immunity', whereas Vpu has evolved in HIV-1M as a tetherin antagonist. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 26 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 4% |
| Unknown | 25 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 5 | 19% |
| Student > Master | 4 | 15% |
| Researcher | 4 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 3 | 12% |
| Professor | 2 | 8% |
| Other | 4 | 15% |
| Unknown | 4 | 15% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Immunology and Microbiology | 6 | 23% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 6 | 23% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 12% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 12% |
| Mathematics | 1 | 4% |
| Other | 2 | 8% |
| Unknown | 5 | 19% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 22 July 2015.
All research outputs
#15,340,005
of 22,817,213 outputs
Outputs from Scientific Reports
#77,675
of 123,162 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#137,579
of 234,770 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Scientific Reports
#1,212
of 1,985 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,817,213 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 22nd percentile – i.e., 22% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 123,162 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 18.2. This one is in the 29th percentile – i.e., 29% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 234,770 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 32nd percentile – i.e., 32% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 1,985 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 30th percentile – i.e., 30% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.