Vinyl chloride (VC), a known human carcinogen, is often formed in groundwater by incomplete reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes. An integrated microbial ecology approach involving bacterial enrichments and isolations, carbon stable-isotope probing (SIP), and metagenome and genome sequencing was applied to ethene-fed groundwater microcosms that rapidly transitioned to aerobic growth on VC. Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes dominated the microbial communities in ethene- and VC-grown cultures. SIP with 13C2-VC demonstrated that Nocardioides spp. significantly participated in carbon uptake from VC (52.1-75.7% enriched in heavy fractions). Sediminibacterium, Pedobacter and Pseudomonas spp. also incorporated 13C from VC into genomic DNA. Ethene- and VC-assimilating Nocardioides sp. strain XL1 was isolated. Sequencing revealed a large (∼300 kbp) plasmid harboring genes encoding alkene monooxygenase and epoxyalkane: coenzyme M transferase, enzymes known to participate in aerobic VC and ethene biodegradation. The plasmid was 100% identical to pNOCA01 found in VC-assimilating Nocardioides sp. strain JS614. Metagenomic analysis of enrichment cultures indicated other bacteria implicated in carbon uptake from VC possessed the genetic potential to detoxify epoxides via epoxide hydrolase or glutathione S-transferase (Pseudomonas) and/or metabolize VC epoxide breakdown products and downstream VC metabolites. This study provides new functional insights into aerobic VC metabolism within a groundwater microbial community.
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 13. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 19 June 2019.
All research outputs
#3,222,407
of 28,815,917 outputs
Outputs from FEMS Microbiology Ecology
#310
of 3,005 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#55,733
of 348,809 outputs
Outputs of similar age from FEMS Microbiology Ecology
#17
of 64 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 28,815,917 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 88th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 3,005 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.2. This one has done well, scoring higher than 89% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 348,809 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 83% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 64 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 73% of its contemporaries.
