Our purpose was to develop a robotic remotely operated stereo slit lamp system allowing three-dimensional stereo viewing and recording of the patient's examination via local area network, Internet, and satellite.
A commercial slit lamp was modified to accept motors and servos to permit control of all optical and mechanical components of the device. The custom graphical user interface with dual high-resolution real-time stereoscopic imaging, control/position indicators, overview video, and audio were transmitted via local area network, Internet, and satellite. Under University of Miami Institutional Review Board authorization, Internet connectivity enabled multiple examiners to simultaneously view and control the slit lamp and to collaboratively discuss diagnosis and treatment options. The remote clinicians used a tablet, laptop, or desktop computer to view and control the slit lamp.
The network, Internet, satellite-connected system was controllable from the United States, Europe, and Canada while acquiring high-resolution, real-time video in all subjects. Control of the slit lamp through Ethernet, WiFi, and 4G exhibited total system latencies of 464 ± 58, 483 ± 64, and 870 ± 66 milliseconds when transmitting within the continent, and Ethernet control exhibited a latency of 606 ± 130 milliseconds when transmitting between continents. High- and low-magnification images of healthy volunteers were acquired by a remote clinician.
The robotic remotely operated stereo slit lamp system allows three-dimensional stereo viewing and recording of the patient's examination via local area network, Internet, and satellite.
The robotic remotely controlled stereo slit lamp system enables remote examination of human subjects.
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 01 September 2018.
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#22,435,288
of 33,779,198 outputs
Outputs from Translational Vision Science & Technology
#934
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Outputs of similar age
#231,450
of 370,845 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Translational Vision Science & Technology
#11
of 19 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 33,779,198 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 32nd percentile – i.e., 32% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,674 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.1. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 63% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 19 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 42nd percentile – i.e., 42% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
