The aim of this study was to propose a nonlinear model of the effects of training on performance. The new formulation introduced a variable to account for training-related changes in the magnitude and duration of exercise-induced fatigue.
Goodness-of-fit of the proposed model was compared with that of earlier models presented in the literature. Models were applied to six previously untrained subjects volunteers over a 15-wk endurance-training program composed of an 8-wk period with three sessions per week and a 4-wk period with five sessions, and the remaining weeks without training. Training sessions were composed of performance trial and intermittent exercise with 5-min work interspersed with 3-min recovery repeated four or five times. Performance was measured three times each week using average power during a 5-min all-out exercise.
The training program resulted in 30 +/- 7% improvement in performance. The proposed model exhibited significantly improved fit with actual performance obtained in each subject. Standard error was 6.47 +/- 0.71 W for the proposed model and from 9.20 +/- 2.27 W to 10.31 +/- 1.56 W for earlier models. The model output using model parameters averaged over the six subjects was found to be similar to data published elsewhere obtained in athletes with more intense training.
The data obtained allowed us to demonstrate an inverted-U-shape relationship between daily amounts of training and performance. The fit between experimental data and model-derived predictions in similar situations showed the usefulness of the proposed model to predict responses to training with varied regimens.
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 11 May 2026.
All research outputs
#11,822,450
of 34,362,729 outputs
Outputs from Medicine and Science in Sports & Exercise
#4,936
of 8,577 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#32,680
of 75,969 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Medicine and Science in Sports & Exercise
#29
of 43 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 34,362,729 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 65th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 8,577 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 26.3. This one is in the 42nd percentile – i.e., 42% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 75,969 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 56% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 43 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 32nd percentile – i.e., 32% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
