Fumonisins (FB) are mycotoxins found in maize. They are hypothesized risk factors for neural tube defects (NTDs) in humans living where maize is a dietary staple. In LM/Bc mice, FB1-treatment of pregnant dams induces NTDs and results in increased levels of sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood and tissues. The increased level of sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood is a putative biomarker for FB1 inhibition of ceramide synthase in humans. Collection of blood spots on paper from finger sticks is a relatively non-invasive way to obtain blood for biomarker analysis. The objective of this study was to develop and validate in an animal model, and ultimately in humans, a method to estimate the volume of blood collected as blood spots on absorbent paper so as to allow quantification of the molar concentration of sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood. To accomplish this objective, blood was collected from unexposed male LM/Bc and FB1 -exposed pregnant LM/Bc mice and humans and applied to two types of absorbent paper. The sphingoid base 1-phosphates, absorbance at 270 nm (A270), and total protein content (Bradford) were determined in the acetonitrile: water 5% formic acid extracts from the dried blood spots. The results show that in both mouse and human the A270, total protein, and blood volume were closely correlated and the volume of blood spotted was accurately estimated using only the A270 of the extracts. In mouse blood spots, as in tissues and embryos, the FB1-induced changes in sphingolipids were correlated with urinary FB1. The half-life of FB1 in the urine was short (<24 h) and the elevation in sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood was also short although more persistent than the urinary FB1.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
3
7%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
3
7%
Medicine and Dentistry
2
5%
Other
4
9%
Unknown
14
33%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 30 March 2017.
All research outputs
#12,343,598
of 34,358,242 outputs
Outputs from Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A
#521
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Outputs of similar age
#118,520
of 307,059 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A
#9
of 23 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 34,358,242 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 38th percentile – i.e., 38% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
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