| Title |
Boring crustaceans damage polystyrene floats under docks polluting marine waters with microplastic
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Marine Pollution Bulletin, July 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.06.005 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors | |
| Abstract |
Boring isopods damage expanded polystyrene floats under docks and, in the process, expel copious numbers of microplastic particles. This paper describes the impacts of boring isopods in aquaculture facilities and docks, quantifies and discusses the implications of these microplastics, and tests if an alternate foam type prevents boring. Floats from aquaculture facilities and docks were heavily damaged by thousands of isopods and their burrows. Multiple sites in Asia, Australia, Panama, and the USA exhibited evidence of isopod damage. One isopod creates thousands of microplastic particles when excavating a burrow; colonies can expel millions of particles. Microplastics similar in size to these particles may facilitate the spread of non-native species or be ingested by organisms causing physical or toxicological harm. Extruded polystyrene inhibited boring, suggesting this foam may prevent damage in the field. These results reveal boring isopods cause widespread damage to docks and are a novel source of microplastic pollution. |
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X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 14% |
| Canada | 1 | 14% |
| Unknown | 5 | 71% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 7 | 100% |
Mendeley demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | 3 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 2 | <1% |
| Brazil | 2 | <1% |
| Portugal | 1 | <1% |
| Philippines | 1 | <1% |
| Norway | 1 | <1% |
| Mexico | 1 | <1% |
| Korea, Republic of | 1 | <1% |
| Indonesia | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 2 | <1% |
| Unknown | 304 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 55 | 17% |
| Student > Bachelor | 52 | 16% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 47 | 15% |
| Student > Master | 45 | 14% |
| Other | 16 | 5% |
| Other | 38 | 12% |
| Unknown | 66 | 21% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Science | 94 | 29% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 91 | 29% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 7 | 2% |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | 6 | 2% |
| Chemistry | 6 | 2% |
| Other | 32 | 10% |
| Unknown | 83 | 26% |