Title |
Co-infections associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in pregnant women from southern Brazil: high rate of intraepithelial cervical lesions
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Published in |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, April 2012
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DOI | 10.1590/s0074-02762012000200009 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Michele Tornatore, Carla Vitola Gonçalves, Mônica Steigleder Bianchi, Fabiana Nunes Germano, Alzira Xavier Garcés, Marcelo Alves Soares, Elizabeth Stankiewicz Machado, Ana Maria Barral de Martinez |
Abstract |
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-positive) pregnant women require specific prophylactic and therapeutic approaches. The efficacy of established approaches is further challenged by co-infection with other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of co-infections in pregnant women infected with different HIV-1 subtypes and to relate these findings, together with additional demographic and clinical parameters, to maternal and infant outcomes. Blood samples from pregnant women were collected and tested for syphilis, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Human papillomavirus (HPV) diagnosis was evaluated by the presence of alterations in the cervical epithelium detected through a cytopathological exam. Medical charts provided patient data for the mothers and children. Statistical analyses were conducted with STATA 9.0. We found a prevalence of 10.8% for HCV, 2.3% for chronic HBV, 3.1% for syphilis and 40.8% for HPV. Of those co-infected with HPV, 52.9% presented high-grade intraepithelial lesions or in situ carcinoma. Prematurity, birth weight, Apgar 1' and 5' and Capurro scores were similar between co-infected and non-co-infected women. The presence of other STDs did not impact maternal and concept outcomes. More than half of the patients presenting cervical cytology abnormalities suggestive of HPV had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or cervical cancer, evidencing an alarming rate of these lesions. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 2 | 2% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 79 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 15 | 18% |
Student > Master | 11 | 13% |
Student > Postgraduate | 9 | 11% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 6% |
Other | 12 | 15% |
Unknown | 22 | 27% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 38 | 46% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 7 | 9% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 4% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 4% |
Business, Management and Accounting | 1 | 1% |
Other | 3 | 4% |
Unknown | 27 | 33% |