Title |
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy: not just delirium
|
---|---|
Published in |
Clinics, October 2011
|
DOI | 10.1590/s1807-59322011001000024 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Fernando Godinho Zampieri, Marcelo Park, Fabio Santana Machado, Luciano Cesar Pontes Azevedo |
Abstract |
Sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in intensive care units. Organ dysfunction is triggered by inflammatory insults and tissue hypoperfusion. The brain plays a pivotal role in sepsis, acting as both a mediator of the immune response and a target for the pathologic process. The measurement of brain dysfunction is difficult because there are no specific biomarkers of neuronal injury, and bedside evaluation of cognitive performance is difficult in an intensive care unit. Although sepsis-associated encephalopathy was described decades ago, it has only recently been subjected to scientific scrutiny and is not yet completely understood. The pathophysiology of sepsis-associated encephalopathy involves direct cellular damage to the brain, mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction and disturbances in neurotransmission. This review describes the most recent findings in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of sepsis-associated encephalopathy and focuses on its many presentations. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 1 | 14% |
Vietnam | 1 | 14% |
Netherlands | 1 | 14% |
Canada | 1 | 14% |
Australia | 1 | 14% |
Unknown | 2 | 29% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 4 | 57% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 29% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 14% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 3 | 2% |
Brazil | 3 | 2% |
Colombia | 1 | <1% |
Russia | 1 | <1% |
Poland | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 189 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 27 | 14% |
Researcher | 23 | 12% |
Other | 21 | 11% |
Student > Bachelor | 21 | 11% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 20 | 10% |
Other | 52 | 26% |
Unknown | 34 | 17% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 97 | 49% |
Neuroscience | 23 | 12% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 8 | 4% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 4% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 4 | 2% |
Other | 20 | 10% |
Unknown | 38 | 19% |