Translation, validation and cultural adaptation of the SANE (Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation) in patients with shoulder pathology.

D Gutiérrez-Zúñiga, A Mejía-Grueso, N Olmos-Muskus, F Valbuena-Bernal, M Largacha-Ponce de León

The Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score is a brief method of evaluating patients' perception of the shoulder joint and has proven high correlation with other outcome measures that are more lengthy and time-consuming in daily practice. The SANE score to date has not been validated in Spanish. To translate, adapt, and validate the SANE score in Spanish. An initial translation and counter-translation was conducted by two bilingual evaluators and an official translator. Content validity was evaluated by a group of experts in shoulder surgery. The criteria validity was determined by determining correlation with the previously translated and validated ASES score. Reliability of the test was determined. 113 patients were evaluated, with an average age of 53.6 being 56% female. The most frequent diagnosis was rotator cuff syndrome in 78.6% followed by frozen shoulder, glenohumeral and acromioclavicular osteoarthritis and shoulder instability and acromioclavicular dislocation. Correlation between the SANE and ASES results was 0.699. The test was highly reliable with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.86. The SANE score is a valid and reliable patient centered outcome measure that has a good correlation with other previously validated scores in Spanish that are less practical. We present a translated valid version of the SANE score in Spanish that can be used as a patient reported outcome measure for shoulder pathologies.