| Title |
Finding Hidden HIV Clusters to Support Geographic-Oriented HIV Interventions in Kenya
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, February 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1097/qai.0000000000001652 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Anthony Waruru, Thomas N. O. Achia, James L. Tobias, James Ng'ang'a, Mary Mwangi, Joyce Wamicwe, Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, Tom Oluoch, Evelyn Muthama, Thorkild Tylleskär |
| Abstract |
In a spatially well-known and dispersed HIV epidemic, identifying geographic clusters with significantly higher HIV-prevalence is important for focusing interventions for people living with HIV (PLHIV). We used Kulldorff spatial-scan Poisson model to identify clusters with high numbers of HIV-infected persons 15-64 years old. We classified PLHIV as belonging to either higher or lower prevalence (HP/LP) clusters, then assessed distributions of socio-demographic and bio-behavioral HIV risk factors and associations with clustering. About half of survey locations, 112/238 (47%) had high rates of HIV (HP clusters), with 1.1-4.6 times greater PLHIV adults observed than expected. Richer persons compared to respondents in lowest wealth index had higher odds of belonging to a HP cluster, adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.61(95% CI: 1.13-2.3), aOR 1.66(95% CI: 1.09-2.53), aOR 3.2(95% CI: 1.82-5.65), aOR 2.28(95% CI: 1.09-4.78) in second, middle, fourth and highest quintiles respectively. Respondents who perceived themselves to have greater HIV risk or were already HIV-infected had higher odds of belonging to a HP cluster, aOR 1.96(95% CI: 1.13-3.4) and aOR 5.51(95% CI: 2.42-12.55) respectively; compared to perceived low risk. Men who had ever been clients of FSW had higher odds of belonging to a HP cluster than those who had never been, aOR 1.47(95% CI: 1.04-2.08); and uncircumcised men vs circumcised, aOR 3.2, (95% CI: 1.74-5.8). HIV infection in Kenya exhibits localized geographic clustering associated with socio-demographic and behavioral factors, suggesting disproportionate exposure to higher HIV-risk. Identification of these clusters reveals the right places for targeting priority-tailored HIV interventions. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 5 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| India | 1 | 20% |
| Nigeria | 1 | 20% |
| United States | 1 | 20% |
| Unknown | 2 | 40% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 4 | 80% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 55 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 55 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 9 | 16% |
| Student > Master | 9 | 16% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 13% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 5% |
| Student > Bachelor | 3 | 5% |
| Other | 10 | 18% |
| Unknown | 14 | 25% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 22% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 9% |
| Social Sciences | 5 | 9% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 3 | 5% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 7 | 13% |
| Unknown | 21 | 38% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 7. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 17 July 2019.
All research outputs
#5,229,489
of 25,382,440 outputs
Outputs from JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
#864
of 4,809 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#96,278
of 350,264 outputs
Outputs of similar age from JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
#10
of 44 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,382,440 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 79th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,809 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.3. This one has done well, scoring higher than 82% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 44 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 77% of its contemporaries.