Title |
Effects of fish oil supplementation on eicosanoid production in patients at higher risk for colorectal cancer
|
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Published in |
European Journal of Cancer Prevention: The Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP), May 2019
|
DOI | 10.1097/cej.0000000000000455 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Maya N. White, Martha J. Shrubsole, Qiuyin Cai, Timothy Su, Jennings Hardee, John-Anthony Coppola, Sunny S. Cai, Stephanie M. Martin, Sandra Motley, Larry L. Swift, Ginger L. Milne, Wei Zheng, Qi Dai, Harvey J. Murff |
Abstract |
Fish oil supplementation may represent a potential chemopreventive agent for reducing colorectal cancer risk. The mechanism of action of fish oil is unknown but presumed to be related to eicosanoid modification. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of fish oil supplementation on the levels of urinary and rectal eicosanoids. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of 2.5 g of fish oil per day compared with olive oil supplementation over a 6-month period. Study participants had a history of colorectal adenomas. Randomization was stratified based on the gene variant rs174535 in the fatty acid desaturase 1 enzyme (FADS1), which affects tissue levels of arachidonic acid. A total of 141 participants were randomized. Urinary prostaglandin E2 metabolite (PGE-M) was measured at baseline, 3, and 6 months and rectal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) at baseline and 6 months. Repeated-measures linear regression was used to determine the effect of the intervention on each outcome measure. Overall, fish oil supplementation was found to reduce urinary PGE-M production compared with olive oil (P=0.03). Fish oil did not reduce rectal PGE2 overall; however, it did significantly reduce PGE2 in the subgroup of participants not using aspirin or NSAIDs (P=0.04). FADS1 genotype did not seem to modify effects of fish oil on PGE2 production. We conclude that fish oil supplementation has a modest but beneficial effect on eicosanoids associated with colorectal carcinogenesis, particularly in those not taking aspirin or NSAIDs. |
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Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 1 | 25% |
United States | 1 | 25% |
Unknown | 2 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 2 | 50% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 25% |
Scientists | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
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Unknown | 54 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Bachelor | 7 | 13% |
Student > Master | 5 | 9% |
Researcher | 4 | 7% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 7% |
Unspecified | 3 | 6% |
Other | 10 | 19% |
Unknown | 21 | 39% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 11 | 20% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 6 | 11% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 5 | 9% |
Unspecified | 3 | 6% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 2 | 4% |
Other | 4 | 7% |
Unknown | 23 | 43% |