Title |
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Sexual Violence Among Female Sex Workers Who Inject Drugs on the United States–Mexico Border
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Published in |
Violence & Victims, January 2013
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DOI | 10.1891/0886-6708.11-00129 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Lotus McDougal, Steffanie A Strathdee, Gudelia Rangel, Gustavo Martinez, Alicia Vera, Nicole Sirotin, Jamila K Stockman, Monica D Ulibarri, Anita Raj |
Abstract |
This study examines the prevalence of miscarriage/stillbirth among female sex workers who inject drugs (FSW-IDUs) and measures its associations with physical and sexual violence. Baseline data from 582 FSW-IDUs enrolled in an HIV intervention study in Tijuana and Ciudad Juárez, Mexico were used for current analyses. 30% of participants had experienced at least one miscarriage/stillbirth, 51% had experienced sexual violence, and 49% had experienced physical violence. History of miscarriage/stillbirth was associated with sexual violence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.7, p = .02) but not physical violence. Additional reproductive risks associated with miscarriage/stillbirth included high numbers of male clients in the previous month (aOR = 1.1 per 30 clients, p = 0.04), history of abortion (aOR = 3.7, p < .001), and higher number of pregnancies (aOR = 1.4 per additional pregnancy, p < .001). Programs and research with this population should integrate reproductive health and consider gender-based violence. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 5 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 5 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 186 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 33 | 18% |
Researcher | 28 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 26 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 14 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 9 | 5% |
Other | 28 | 15% |
Unknown | 48 | 26% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 43 | 23% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 26 | 14% |
Social Sciences | 24 | 13% |
Psychology | 20 | 11% |
Unspecified | 6 | 3% |
Other | 11 | 6% |
Unknown | 56 | 30% |