Title |
The Pivotal Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I in Normal Mammary Development
|
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Published in |
Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America (Print), September 2011
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.ecl.2011.06.001 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
David L. Kleinberg, Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff |
Abstract |
Mammary development begins in puberty in response to an estrogen (E(2)) surge. E(2) does not act alone. It relies on pituitary growth hormone (GH) to induce insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) production in the mammary stromal compartment. In turn, IGF-I permits E(2) (and progesterone) action. During puberty, E(2) and IGF-I synergize for ductal morphogenesis. During pregnancy, progesterone joins IGF-I and E(2) to stimulate secretory differentiation necessary to produce milk. Prolactin stimulates milk production, while transforming growth factor-β inhibits proliferation. The orchestrated action of hormones, growth factors, and receptors necessary for mammary development and function are also critical in breast cancer. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Australia | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 25 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 6 | 23% |
Student > Master | 5 | 19% |
Other | 3 | 12% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 3 | 12% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 8% |
Other | 6 | 23% |
Unknown | 1 | 4% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 46% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 19% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 8% |
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Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 4% |
Other | 2 | 8% |
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