| Title |
Hot L1s account for the bulk of retrotransposition in the human population
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, April 2003
|
| DOI | 10.1073/pnas.0831042100 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Brook Brouha, Joshua Schustak, Richard M. Badge, Sheila Lutz-Prigge, Alexander H. Farley, John V. Moran, Haig H. Kazazian |
| Abstract |
Although LINE-1 (long interspersed nucleotide element-1, L1) retrotransposons comprise 17% of the human genome, an exhaustive search of the December 2001 "freeze" of the haploid human genome working draft sequence (95% complete) yielded only 90 L1s with intact ORFs. We demonstrate that 38 of 86 (44%) L1s are polymorphic as to their presence in human populations. We cloned 82 (91%) of the 90 L1s and found that 40 of the 82 (49%) are active in a cultured cell retrotransposition assay. From these data, we predict that there are 80-100 retrotransposition-competent L1s in an average human being. Remarkably, 84% of assayed retrotransposition capability was present in six highly active L1s (hot L1s). By comparison, four of five full-length L1s involved in recent human insertions had retrotransposition activity comparable to the six hot L1s in the human genome working draft sequence. Thus, our data indicate that most L1 retrotransposition in the human population stems from hot L1s, with the remaining elements playing a lesser role in genome plasticity. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 701 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| France | 176 | 25% |
| Canada | 11 | 2% |
| United States | 7 | <1% |
| Belgium | 6 | <1% |
| Switzerland | 6 | <1% |
| Spain | 4 | <1% |
| Algeria | 2 | <1% |
| Brazil | 2 | <1% |
| Germany | 2 | <1% |
| Other | 28 | 4% |
| Unknown | 457 | 65% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 685 | 98% |
| Scientists | 11 | 2% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | <1% |
| Unknown | 2 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 534 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 3 | <1% |
| Germany | 2 | <1% |
| Russia | 2 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| Canada | 1 | <1% |
| Belgium | 1 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| Spain | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 518 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 134 | 25% |
| Researcher | 101 | 19% |
| Student > Master | 61 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 50 | 9% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 27 | 5% |
| Other | 67 | 13% |
| Unknown | 94 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 187 | 35% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 174 | 33% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 21 | 4% |
| Neuroscience | 18 | 3% |
| Chemistry | 8 | 1% |
| Other | 28 | 5% |
| Unknown | 98 | 18% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 253. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 13 February 2024.
All research outputs
#148,462
of 25,724,500 outputs
Outputs from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#2,969
of 103,612 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#99
of 63,615 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#2
of 556 outputs
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