Title |
Contrasting futures for ocean and society from different anthropogenic CO2 emissions scenarios
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Published in |
Science, July 2015
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DOI | 10.1126/science.aac4722 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
J-P Gattuso, A Magnan, R Billé, W W L Cheung, E L Howes, F Joos, D Allemand, L Bopp, S R Cooley, C M Eakin, O Hoegh-Guldberg, R P Kelly, H-O Pörtner, A D Rogers, J M Baxter, D Laffoley, D Osborn, A Rankovic, J Rochette, U R Sumaila, S Treyer, C Turley |
Abstract |
The ocean moderates anthropogenic climate change at the cost of profound alterations of its physics, chemistry, ecology, and services. Here, we evaluate and compare the risks of impacts on marine and coastal ecosystems-and the goods and services they provide-for growing cumulative carbon emissions under two contrasting emissions scenarios. The current emissions trajectory would rapidly and significantly alter many ecosystems and the associated services on which humans heavily depend. A reduced emissions scenario-consistent with the Copenhagen Accord's goal of a global temperature increase of less than 2°C-is much more favorable to the ocean but still substantially alters important marine ecosystems and associated goods and services. The management options to address ocean impacts narrow as the ocean warms and acidifies. Consequently, any new climate regime that fails to minimize ocean impacts would be incomplete and inadequate. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 50 | 19% |
United Kingdom | 42 | 16% |
Australia | 14 | 5% |
Canada | 12 | 5% |
France | 9 | 3% |
Netherlands | 6 | 2% |
Sweden | 6 | 2% |
Spain | 5 | 2% |
New Zealand | 5 | 2% |
Other | 20 | 8% |
Unknown | 92 | 35% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 189 | 72% |
Scientists | 61 | 23% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 10 | 4% |
Unknown | 1 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 16 | <1% |
France | 6 | <1% |
Brazil | 5 | <1% |
Australia | 3 | <1% |
Chile | 2 | <1% |
Poland | 2 | <1% |
Japan | 2 | <1% |
Spain | 2 | <1% |
Argentina | 2 | <1% |
Other | 19 | 1% |
Unknown | 1775 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 326 | 18% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 302 | 16% |
Student > Master | 259 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 220 | 12% |
Other | 84 | 5% |
Other | 286 | 16% |
Unknown | 357 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Environmental Science | 456 | 25% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 453 | 25% |
Earth and Planetary Sciences | 232 | 13% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 55 | 3% |
Chemistry | 33 | 2% |
Other | 185 | 10% |
Unknown | 420 | 23% |