Title |
Time Lags between Exanthematous Illness Attributed to Zika Virus, Guillain-Barré Syndrome, and Microcephaly, Salvador, Brazil - Volume 22, Number 8—August 2016 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
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Published in |
Emerging Infectious Diseases, August 2016
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DOI | 10.3201/eid2208.160496 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Igor A.D. Paploski, Ana Paula P.B. Prates, Cristiane W. Cardoso, Mariana Kikuti, Monaise M. O. Silva, Lance A. Waller, Mitermayer G. Reis, Uriel Kitron, Guilherme S. Ribeiro |
Abstract |
Zika virus infection emerged as a public health emergency after increasing evidence for its association with neurologic disorders and congenital malformations. In Salvador, Brazil, outbreaks of acute exanthematous illness (AEI) attributed to Zika virus, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and microcephaly occurred in 2015. We investigated temporal correlations and time lags between these outbreaks to identify a common link between them by using epidemic curves and time series cross-correlations. Number of GBS cases peaked after a lag of 5-9 weeks from the AEI peak. Number of suspected cases of microcephaly peaked after a lag of 30-33 weeks from the AEI peak, which corresponded to time of potential infections of pregnant mothers during the first trimester. These findings support the association of GBS and microcephaly with Zika virus infection and provide evidence for a temporal relationship between timing of arboviral infection of pregnant women during the first trimester and birth outcome. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 11 | 38% |
Brazil | 3 | 10% |
Australia | 1 | 3% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 3% |
France | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 12 | 41% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 21 | 72% |
Scientists | 5 | 17% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 7% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 4 | 2% |
United Kingdom | 2 | 1% |
Unknown | 187 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 32 | 17% |
Student > Master | 29 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 24 | 12% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 19 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 17 | 9% |
Other | 42 | 22% |
Unknown | 30 | 16% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 51 | 26% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 25 | 13% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 16 | 8% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 15 | 8% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 10 | 5% |
Other | 35 | 18% |
Unknown | 41 | 21% |