Title |
Epigenetic dynamics of monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation
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Published in |
Epigenetics & Chromatin, July 2016
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DOI | 10.1186/s13072-016-0079-z |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Stefan Wallner, Christopher Schröder, Elsa Leitão, Tea Berulava, Claudia Haak, Daniela Beißer, Sven Rahmann, Andreas S. Richter, Thomas Manke, Ulrike Bönisch, Laura Arrigoni, Sebastian Fröhler, Filippos Klironomos, Wei Chen, Nikolaus Rajewsky, Fabian Müller, Peter Ebert, Thomas Lengauer, Matthias Barann, Philip Rosenstiel, Gilles Gasparoni, Karl Nordström, Jörn Walter, Benedikt Brors, Gideon Zipprich, Bärbel Felder, Ludger Klein-Hitpass, Corinna Attenberger, Gerd Schmitz, Bernhard Horsthemke |
Abstract |
Monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation involves major biochemical and structural changes. In order to elucidate the role of gene regulatory changes during this process, we used high-throughput sequencing to analyze the complete transcriptome and epigenome of human monocytes that were differentiated in vitro by addition of colony-stimulating factor 1 in serum-free medium. Numerous mRNAs and miRNAs were significantly up- or down-regulated. More than 100 discrete DNA regions, most often far away from transcription start sites, were rapidly demethylated by the ten eleven translocation enzymes, became nucleosome-free and gained histone marks indicative of active enhancers. These regions were unique for macrophages and associated with genes involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, phagocytosis and innate immune response. In summary, we have discovered a phagocytic gene network that is repressed by DNA methylation in monocytes and rapidly de-repressed after the onset of macrophage differentiation. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Germany | 2 | 20% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 10% |
United States | 1 | 10% |
Unknown | 6 | 60% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 6 | 60% |
Scientists | 4 | 40% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 2 | 1% |
Korea, Republic of | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 188 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 38 | 20% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 34 | 18% |
Student > Postgraduate | 29 | 15% |
Student > Master | 22 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 19 | 10% |
Other | 23 | 12% |
Unknown | 26 | 14% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 73 | 38% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 42 | 22% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 20 | 10% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 6% |
Neuroscience | 3 | 2% |
Other | 10 | 5% |
Unknown | 31 | 16% |