Title |
The evolution of Ebola virus: Insights from the 2013–2016 epidemic
|
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Published in |
Nature, October 2016
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DOI | 10.1038/nature19790 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Edward C. Holmes, Gytis Dudas, Andrew Rambaut, Kristian G. Andersen |
Abstract |
The 2013-2016 epidemic of Ebola virus disease in West Africa was of unprecedented magnitude and changed our perspective on this lethal but sporadically emerging virus. This outbreak also marked the beginning of large-scale real-time molecular epidemiology. Here, we show how evolutionary analyses of Ebola virus genome sequences provided key insights into virus origins, evolution and spread during the epidemic. We provide basic scientists, epidemiologists, medical practitioners and other outbreak responders with an enhanced understanding of the utility and limitations of pathogen genomic sequencing. This will be crucially important in our attempts to track and control future infectious disease outbreaks. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 64 | 21% |
United Kingdom | 26 | 9% |
Spain | 8 | 3% |
Netherlands | 8 | 3% |
France | 7 | 2% |
Germany | 6 | 2% |
Australia | 5 | 2% |
Mexico | 5 | 2% |
Italy | 4 | 1% |
Other | 36 | 12% |
Unknown | 135 | 44% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 180 | 59% |
Scientists | 98 | 32% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 17 | 6% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 8 | 3% |
Unknown | 1 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 5 | <1% |
France | 2 | <1% |
United States | 2 | <1% |
Japan | 2 | <1% |
Brazil | 2 | <1% |
Australia | 1 | <1% |
Austria | 1 | <1% |
Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
Belgium | 1 | <1% |
Other | 3 | <1% |
Unknown | 523 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 101 | 19% |
Student > Bachelor | 86 | 16% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 73 | 13% |
Student > Master | 73 | 13% |
Other | 27 | 5% |
Other | 75 | 14% |
Unknown | 108 | 20% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 110 | 20% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 107 | 20% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 52 | 10% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 45 | 8% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 16 | 3% |
Other | 86 | 16% |
Unknown | 127 | 23% |