| Title |
National Trends in Hospitalizations for Opioid Poisonings Among Children and Adolescents, 1997 to 2012
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
JAMA Pediatrics, December 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.2154 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Julie R. Gaither, John M. Leventhal, Sheryl A. Ryan, Deepa R. Camenga |
| Abstract |
National data show a parallel relationship between recent trends in opioid prescribing practices and hospitalizations for opioid poisonings in adults. No similar estimates exist describing hospitalizations for opioid poisonings in children and adolescents. To describe the incidence and characteristics of hospitalizations attributed to opioid poisonings in children and adolescents. Retrospective analysis of serial cross-sectional data from a nationally representative sample of US pediatric hospital discharge records collected every 3 years from January 1, 1997, through December 31, 2012. The Kids' Inpatient Database was used to identify 13 052 discharge records for patients aged 1 to 19 years who were hospitalized for opioid poisonings. Data were analyzed within the collection time frame. Poisonings attributed to prescription opioids were identified by codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification. In adolescents aged 15 to 19 years, poisonings attributed to heroin were also identified. Census estimates were used to calculate incidence per 100 000 population. The Cochran-Armitage test for trend was used to assess for changes in incidence over time. From 1997 to 2012, a total of 13 052 (95% CI, 12 500-13 604) hospitalizations for prescription opioid poisonings were identified. The annual incidence of hospitalizations for opioid poisonings per 100 000 children aged 1 to 19 years rose from 1.40 (95% CI, 1.24-1.56) to 3.71 (95% CI, 3.44-3.98), an increase of 165% (P for trend, <.001). Among children 1 to 4 years of age, the incidence increased from 0.86 (95% CI, 0.60-1.12) to 2.62 (95% CI, 2.17-3.08), an increase of 205% (P for trend, <.001). For adolescents aged 15 to 19 years, the incidence increased from 3.69 (95% CI, 3.20-4.17) to 10.17 (95% CI, 9.48-10.85), an increase of 176% (P for trend, <.001). In this age group, poisonings from heroin increased from 0.96 (95% CI, 0.75-1.18) to 2.51 (95% CI, 2.21-2.80), an increase of 161% (P for trend, <.001); poisonings involving methadone increased from 0.10 (95% CI, 0.03-0.16) to 1.05 (95% CI, 0.87-1.23), an increase of 950% (P for trend, <.001). During the course of 16 years, hospitalizations attributed to opioid poisonings rose nearly 2-fold in the pediatric population. Hospitalizations increased across all age groups, yet young children and older adolescents were most vulnerable to the risks of opioid exposure. Mitigating these risks will require comprehensive strategies that target opioid storage, packaging, and misuse. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 255 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 117 | 46% |
| Canada | 12 | 5% |
| Australia | 8 | 3% |
| Spain | 6 | 2% |
| South Africa | 4 | 2% |
| Turkey | 2 | <1% |
| Mexico | 2 | <1% |
| United Arab Emirates | 1 | <1% |
| Colombia | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 11 | 4% |
| Unknown | 91 | 36% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 168 | 66% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 56 | 22% |
| Scientists | 21 | 8% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 10 | 4% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 212 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | 1% |
| Unknown | 209 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Other | 30 | 14% |
| Researcher | 30 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 23 | 11% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 15 | 7% |
| Student > Bachelor | 14 | 7% |
| Other | 51 | 24% |
| Unknown | 49 | 23% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 74 | 35% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 15 | 7% |
| Psychology | 10 | 5% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 4% |
| Social Sciences | 8 | 4% |
| Other | 23 | 11% |
| Unknown | 74 | 35% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1742. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 28 April 2019.
All research outputs
#6,040
of 25,837,817 outputs
Outputs from JAMA Pediatrics
#39
of 6,758 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#74
of 420,468 outputs
Outputs of similar age from JAMA Pediatrics
#2
of 81 outputs
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