| Title |
Record-setting algal bloom in Lake Erie caused by agricultural and meteorological trends consistent with expected future conditions
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, April 2013
|
| DOI | 10.1073/pnas.1216006110 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Anna M. Michalak, Eric J. Anderson, Dmitry Beletsky, Steven Boland, Nathan S. Bosch, Thomas B. Bridgeman, Justin D. Chaffin, Kyunghwa Cho, Rem Confesor, Irem Daloğlu, Joseph V. DePinto, Mary Anne Evans, Gary L. Fahnenstiel, Lingli He, Jeff C. Ho, Liza Jenkins, Thomas H. Johengen, Kevin C. Kuo, Elizabeth LaPorte, Xiaojian Liu, Michael R. McWilliams, Michael R. Moore, Derek J. Posselt, R. Peter Richards, Donald Scavia, Allison L. Steiner, Ed Verhamme, David M. Wright, Melissa A. Zagorski |
| Abstract |
In 2011, Lake Erie experienced the largest harmful algal bloom in its recorded history, with a peak intensity over three times greater than any previously observed bloom. Here we show that long-term trends in agricultural practices are consistent with increasing phosphorus loading to the western basin of the lake, and that these trends, coupled with meteorological conditions in spring 2011, produced record-breaking nutrient loads. An extended period of weak lake circulation then led to abnormally long residence times that incubated the bloom, and warm and quiescent conditions after bloom onset allowed algae to remain near the top of the water column and prevented flushing of nutrients from the system. We further find that all of these factors are consistent with expected future conditions. If a scientifically guided management plan to mitigate these impacts is not implemented, we can therefore expect this bloom to be a harbinger of future blooms in Lake Erie. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 48 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 18 | 38% |
| Canada | 9 | 19% |
| United Kingdom | 4 | 8% |
| France | 1 | 2% |
| South Africa | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 15 | 31% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 41 | 85% |
| Scientists | 5 | 10% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 2% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 1,224 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 18 | 1% |
| Canada | 5 | <1% |
| Netherlands | 2 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| South Africa | 1 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 4 | <1% |
| Unknown | 1189 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 235 | 19% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 201 | 16% |
| Student > Bachelor | 185 | 15% |
| Researcher | 167 | 14% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 63 | 5% |
| Other | 134 | 11% |
| Unknown | 239 | 20% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Science | 338 | 28% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 225 | 18% |
| Engineering | 97 | 8% |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | 92 | 8% |
| Chemistry | 35 | 3% |
| Other | 130 | 11% |
| Unknown | 307 | 25% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 322. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 09 March 2023.
All research outputs
#106,251
of 26,017,215 outputs
Outputs from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#2,320
of 104,451 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#620
of 217,393 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#18
of 995 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 26,017,215 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 104,451 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 39.5. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 97% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 995 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.