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The theory of expanded, extended, and enhanced opportunities for youth physical activity promotion

Overview of attention for article published in International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, November 2016
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  • In the top 5% of all research outputs scored by Altmetric
  • High Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age (93rd percentile)
  • Above-average Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age and source (54th percentile)

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2 Facebook pages
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1 YouTube creator

Citations

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259 Mendeley
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Title
The theory of expanded, extended, and enhanced opportunities for youth physical activity promotion
Published in
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, November 2016
DOI 10.1186/s12966-016-0442-2
Pubmed ID
Authors

Michael W. Beets, Anthony Okely, R. Glenn Weaver, Collin Webster, David Lubans, Tim Brusseau, Russ Carson, Dylan P. Cliff

Abstract

Physical activity interventions targeting children and adolescents (≤18 years) often focus on complex intra- and inter-personal behavioral constructs, social-ecological frameworks, or some combination of both. Recently published meta-analytical reviews and large-scale randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that these intervention approaches have largely produced minimal or no improvements in young people's physical activity levels. In this paper, we propose that the main reason for previous studies' limited effects is that fundamental mechanisms that lead to change in youth physical activity have often been overlooked or misunderstood. Evidence from observational and experimental studies is presented to support the development of a new theory positing that the primary mechanisms of change in many youth physical activity interventions are approaches that fall into one of the following three categories: (a) the expansion of opportunities for youth to be active by the inclusion of a new occasion to be active, (b) the extension of an existing physical activity opportunity by increasing the amount of time allocated for that opportunity, and/or (c) the enhancement of existing physical activity opportunities through strategies designed to increase physical activity above routine practice. Their application and considerations for intervention design and interpretation are presented. The utility of these mechanisms, referred to as the Theory of Expanded, Extended, and Enhanced Opportunities (TEO), is demonstrated in their parsimony, logical appeal, support with empirical evidence, and the direct and immediate application to numerous settings and contexts. The TEO offers a new way to understand youth physical activity behaviors and provides a common taxonomy by which interventionists can identify appropriate targets for interventions across different settings and contexts. We believe the formalization of the TEO concepts will propel them to the forefront in the design of future intervention studies and through their use, lead to a greater impact on youth activity behaviors than what has been demonstrated in previous studies.

X Demographics

X Demographics

The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 50 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 259 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 259 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 36 14%
Student > Ph. D. Student 35 14%
Researcher 25 10%
Student > Bachelor 23 9%
Student > Doctoral Student 18 7%
Other 55 21%
Unknown 67 26%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Sports and Recreations 53 20%
Social Sciences 29 11%
Nursing and Health Professions 24 9%
Medicine and Dentistry 22 8%
Psychology 11 4%
Other 32 12%
Unknown 88 34%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 36. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 19 August 2020.
All research outputs
#1,062,918
of 24,456,171 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
#355
of 2,045 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#17,976
of 274,935 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
#12
of 24 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 24,456,171 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 95th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,045 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 29.0. This one has done well, scoring higher than 82% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 274,935 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 93% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 24 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 54% of its contemporaries.