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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Anti-bacterial efficacy of alcoholic hand rubs in the Kenyan market, 2015
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, January 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s13756-017-0174-3 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Missiani Ochwoto, Lucy Muita, Keith Talaam, Cecilia Wanjala, Frank Ogeto, Faith Wachira, Saida Osman, James Kimotho, Linus Ndegwa |
| Abstract |
Hand hygiene is known to be effective in preventing hospital and community-acquired infections. The increasing number of hand sanitizer brands in Kenyan hospitals and consumer outlets is of concern. Thus the main aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-bacterial efficacy and organoleptic properties of these hand sanitizers in Kenya. This was an experimental, laboratory-based study of 14 different brands of hand sanitizers (coded HS1-14) available in various retail outlets and hospitals in Kenya. Efficacy was evaluated using standard non-pathogenic Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) as per the European Standard (EN). The logarithmic reduction factors (RF) were assessed at baseline and after treatment, and log reduction then calculated. Ten and 25 healthy volunteers participated in the efficacy and organoleptic studies respectively. Four (28.6%) hand sanitizers (HS12, HS9, HS13 and HS14) showed a 5.9 reduction factor on all the three bacteria strains. Seven (50%) hand sanitizers had efficacies of <3 against all the three bacteria strains used. Efficacy on E. Coli was higher compared to the other pathogens. Three hand sanitizers were efficacious on one of the pathogens and not the other. In terms of organoleptic properties, gel-based formulations were rated far higher than the liquid based formulations brands. Fifty percent (50%) of the selected hand sanitizers in the Kenyan market have efficacy that falls below the World Health Organization (WHO) and DIN EN 1500:2013. Of the 14 hand sanitizers found in the Kenyan market, only four showed efficacies that were comparable to the WHO-formulation. There is a need to evaluate how many of these products with <3 efficacy that have been incorporated into the health system for hand hygiene and the country's policy on regulations on their usage. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 4 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Kenya | 1 | 25% |
| Malaysia | 1 | 25% |
| Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 1 | 25% |
| Unknown | 1 | 25% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 50% |
| Members of the public | 1 | 25% |
| Scientists | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 119 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 119 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 28 | 24% |
| Student > Master | 13 | 11% |
| Researcher | 8 | 7% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 6% |
| Professor | 4 | 3% |
| Other | 14 | 12% |
| Unknown | 45 | 38% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 13 | 11% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 13 | 11% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 9 | 8% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 6 | 5% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 4% |
| Other | 24 | 20% |
| Unknown | 49 | 41% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 20. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 13 March 2020.
All research outputs
#1,697,844
of 24,003,070 outputs
Outputs from Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control
#190
of 1,347 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#36,806
of 425,108 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control
#4
of 33 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 24,003,070 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 92nd percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,347 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 15.6. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 425,108 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 91% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 33 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 87% of its contemporaries.