Title |
Diabetes incidence and glucose intolerance prevalence increase with higher outdoor temperature
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Published in |
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, March 2017
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DOI | 10.1136/bmjdrc-2016-000317 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Lisanne L Blauw, N Ahmad Aziz, Martijn R Tannemaat, C Alexander Blauw, Anton J de Craen, Hanno Pijl, Patrick C N Rensen |
Abstract |
Rising global temperatures might contribute to the current worldwide diabetes epidemic, as higher ambient temperature can negatively impact glucose metabolism via a reduction in brown adipose tissue activity. Therefore, we examined the association between outdoor temperature and diabetes incidence in the USA as well as the prevalence of glucose intolerance worldwide. Using meta-regression, we determined the association between mean annual temperature and diabetes incidence during 1996-2009 for each US state separately. Subsequently, results were pooled in a meta-analysis. On a global scale, we performed a meta-regression analysis to assess the association between mean annual temperature and the prevalence of glucose intolerance. We demonstrated that, on average, per 1°C increase in temperature, age-adjusted diabetes incidence increased with 0.314 (95% CI 0.194 to 0.434) per 1000. Similarly, the worldwide prevalence of glucose intolerance increased by 0.170% (95% CI 0.107% to 0.234%) per 1°C rise in temperature. These associations persisted after adjustment for obesity. Our findings indicate that the diabetes incidence rate in the USA and prevalence of glucose intolerance worldwide increase with higher outdoor temperature. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 6 | 13% |
United States | 6 | 13% |
Spain | 4 | 8% |
Italy | 3 | 6% |
Netherlands | 2 | 4% |
Australia | 2 | 4% |
Canada | 1 | 2% |
Mexico | 1 | 2% |
Sri Lanka | 1 | 2% |
Other | 5 | 10% |
Unknown | 17 | 35% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 34 | 71% |
Scientists | 7 | 15% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 6 | 13% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 121 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 20 | 16% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 16 | 13% |
Student > Master | 13 | 11% |
Student > Bachelor | 10 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 6% |
Other | 24 | 20% |
Unknown | 32 | 26% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 22 | 18% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 12 | 10% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 8% |
Environmental Science | 8 | 7% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 6 | 5% |
Other | 28 | 23% |
Unknown | 36 | 30% |