Imaobong Christopher Etti, Abdullah Rasedee, Najihah Mohd Hashim, Ahmad Bustamam Abdul, Arifah Kadir, Swee Keong Yeap, Peter Waziri, Ibrahim Malami, Kian Lam Lim, Christopher J Etti
Abstract
Artonin E is a prenylated flavonoid compound isolated from the stem bark of Artocarpus elasticus. This phytochemical has been previously reported to be drug-like with full compliance to Lipinski's rule of five and good physicochemical properties when compared with 95% of orally available drugs. It has also been shown to possess unique medicinal properties that can be utilized in view of alleviating most human disease conditions. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanism of Artonin E in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, which has so far not been reported. In this context, Artonin E significantly suppressed the breast cancer cell's viability while inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. This apoptosis induction was caspase dependent, and it is mediated mainly through the intrinsic pathway with the elevation of total reactive oxygen species. Gene and protein expression studies revealed significant upregulation of cytochrome c, Bax, caspases 7 and 9, and p21 in Artonin E-treated MCF-7 cells, while MAPK and cyclin D were downregulated. Livin, a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis, whose upregulation has been noted to precede chemotherapeutic resistance and apoptosis evasion was remarkably repressed. In all, Artonin E stood high as a potential agent in the treatment of breast cancer.
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
8
17%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
7
15%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
5
11%
Medicine and Dentistry
5
11%
Immunology and Microbiology
2
4%
Other
5
11%
Unknown
14
30%
Attention Score in Context
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 31 March 2017.
All research outputs
#23,323,746
of 25,990,981 outputs
Outputs from Drug Design, Development and Therapy
#1,771
of 2,289 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#288,224
of 327,405 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Drug Design, Development and Therapy
#43
of 51 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,990,981 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 51 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
