Title |
Chitosan nanoparticle-based delivery of fused NKG2D–IL-21 gene suppresses colon cancer growth in mice
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Published in |
International Journal of Nanomedicine, April 2017
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DOI | 10.2147/ijn.s128032 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Lunmei Tan, Sen Han, Shizhen Ding, Weiming Xiao, Yanbing Ding, Li Qian, Chenming Wang, Weijuan Gong |
Abstract |
Nanoparticles can be loaded with exogenous DNA for the potential expression of cytokines with immune-stimulatory function. NKG2D identifies major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related protein in human and retinoic acid early induced transcript-1 in mouse, which acts as tumor-associated antigens. Biologic agents based on interleukin 21 (IL-21) have displayed antitumor activities through lymphocyte activation. The NKG2D-IL-21 fusion protein theoretically identifies tumor cells through NKG2D moiety and activates T cells through IL-21 moiety. In this study, double-gene fragments that encode the extracellular domains of NKG2D and IL-21 genes were connected and then inserted into the pcDNA3.1(-) plasmid. PcDNA3.1-dsNKG2D-IL-21 plasmid nanoparticles based on chitosan were generated. Tumor cells pretransfected with dsNKG2D-IL-21 gene nanoparticles can activate natural killer (NK) and CD8(+) T cells in vitro. Serum IL-21 levels were enhanced in mice intramuscularly injected with the gene nanoparticles. DsNKG2D-IL-21 gene nanoparticles accumulated in tumor tissues after being intravenously injected for ~4-24 h. Treatment of dsNKG2D-IL-21 gene nanoparticles also retarded tumor growth and elongated the life span of tumor-bearing mice by activating NK and T cells in vivo. Thus, the dsNKG2D-IL-21 gene nanoparticles exerted efficient antitumor activities and would be potentially used for tumor therapy. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 3 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 3 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Germany | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 47 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 13% |
Student > Master | 5 | 10% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 8% |
Researcher | 4 | 8% |
Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 6% |
Other | 5 | 10% |
Unknown | 21 | 44% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 9 | 19% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 6 | 13% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 6% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 4% |
Chemistry | 2 | 4% |
Other | 5 | 10% |
Unknown | 21 | 44% |