Title |
Influenza A penetrates host mucus by cleaving sialic acids with neuraminidase
|
---|---|
Published in |
Virology Journal, November 2013
|
DOI | 10.1186/1743-422x-10-321 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Miriam Cohen, Xing-Quan Zhang, Hooman P Senaati, Hui-Wen Chen, Nissi M Varki, Robert T Schooley, Pascal Gagneux |
Abstract |
Influenza A virus (IAV) neuraminidase (NA) cleaves sialic acids (Sias) from glycans. Inhibiting NA with oseltamivir suppresses both viral infection, and viral release from cultured human airway epithelial cells. The role of NA in viral exit is well established: it releases budding virions by cleaving Sias from glycoconjugates on infected cells and progeny virions. The role of NA in viral entry remains unclear. Host respiratory epithelia secrete a mucus layer rich in heavily sialylated glycoproteins; these could inhibit viral entry by mimicking sialylated receptors on the cell surface. It has been suggested that NA allows influenza to penetrate the mucus by cleaving these sialylated decoys, but the exact mechanism is not yet established. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 4 | 12% |
United States | 3 | 9% |
Spain | 2 | 6% |
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 1 | 3% |
Kenya | 1 | 3% |
India | 1 | 3% |
Indonesia | 1 | 3% |
Colombia | 1 | 3% |
Netherlands | 1 | 3% |
Other | 0 | 0% |
Unknown | 18 | 55% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 22 | 67% |
Scientists | 5 | 15% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 3 | 9% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 9% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 3 | 1% |
Japan | 1 | <1% |
China | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 228 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 58 | 25% |
Student > Bachelor | 38 | 16% |
Researcher | 27 | 12% |
Student > Master | 21 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 11 | 5% |
Other | 30 | 13% |
Unknown | 48 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 47 | 20% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 43 | 18% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 28 | 12% |
Chemistry | 15 | 6% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 13 | 6% |
Other | 33 | 14% |
Unknown | 54 | 23% |