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Cardiometabolic comorbidities, readmission, and costs in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a real-world analysis

Overview of attention for article published in Annals of General Psychiatry, February 2017
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Title
Cardiometabolic comorbidities, readmission, and costs in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a real-world analysis
Published in
Annals of General Psychiatry, February 2017
DOI 10.1186/s12991-017-0133-7
Pubmed ID
Authors

Christoph U. Correll, Daisy S. Ng-Mak, Dana Stafkey-Mailey, Eileen Farrelly, Krithika Rajagopalan, Antony Loebel

Abstract

Serious mental illnesses are associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic comorbidities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidity and its association with hospitalization outcomes and costs among inpatients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. This retrospective database analysis reviewed patients with an inpatient diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder from the Premier Perspective® Database (4/1/2010-6/30/2012). Patients were categorized into 4 cohorts based on the number of ICD-9-CM cardiometabolic comorbidities (i.e., 0, 1, 2, or 3+). Outcomes included length of stay, mortality during the index hospitalization, healthcare costs, and 30-day all-cause readmission rates. Of 57,506 patients with schizophrenia, 66.1% had at least one cardiometabolic comorbidity; 39.3% had two or more comorbidities. Of 124,803 patients with bipolar disorder, 60.5% had at least one cardiometabolic comorbidity; 33.4% had two or more. Average length of stay was 8.5 (for patients with schizophrenia) and 5.2 (for patients with bipolar disorder) days. Each additional cardiometabolic comorbidity was associated with an increase in length of stay for patients with bipolar disorder (p < .001) but not for patients with schizophrenia. Mortality rates during the index hospitalization were 1.2% (schizophrenia) and .7% (bipolar disorder). Each additional cardiometabolic comorbidity was associated with a significant increase in mortality for patients with bipolar disorder (OR 1.218, p < .001), and a numerical increase in mortality for patients with schizophrenia (OR 1.014, p = .727). Patients with more cardiometabolic comorbidities were more likely to have a 30-day readmission (schizophrenia = 9-13%; bipolar disorder = 7-12%), and to incur higher costs (schizophrenia = $10,606-15,355; bipolar disorder = $7126-13,523) (all p < .01). Over 60% of inpatients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder had cardiometabolic comorbidities. Greater cardiometabolic comorbidity burden was associated with an increased likelihood of readmission and higher costs among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, and an increase in length of stay and mortality for patients with bipolar disorder.

Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 96 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 96 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 15 16%
Student > Master 13 14%
Researcher 11 11%
Student > Bachelor 9 9%
Other 9 9%
Other 17 18%
Unknown 22 23%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Medicine and Dentistry 26 27%
Psychology 9 9%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science 9 9%
Nursing and Health Professions 7 7%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 4 4%
Other 14 15%
Unknown 27 28%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 14 April 2017.
All research outputs
#17,887,790
of 22,965,074 outputs
Outputs from Annals of General Psychiatry
#334
of 513 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#294,933
of 422,721 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Annals of General Psychiatry
#7
of 9 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,965,074 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 19th percentile – i.e., 19% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 513 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 8.2. This one is in the 28th percentile – i.e., 28% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 422,721 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 26th percentile – i.e., 26% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 9 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has scored higher than 2 of them.