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Isolation of biologically active peptides from the venom of Japanese carpenter bee, Xylocopa appendiculata

Overview of attention for article published in Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, May 2017
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Title
Isolation of biologically active peptides from the venom of Japanese carpenter bee, Xylocopa appendiculata
Published in
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, May 2017
DOI 10.1186/s40409-017-0119-6
Pubmed ID
Authors

Hiroko Kawakami, Shin G. Goto, Kazuya Murata, Hideaki Matsuda, Yasushi Shigeri, Tomohiro Imura, Hidetoshi Inagaki, Tetsuro Shinada

Abstract

Mass spectrometry-guided venom peptide profiling is a powerful tool to explore novel substances from venomous animals in a highly sensitive manner. In this study, this peptide profiling approach is successfully applied to explore the venom peptides of a Japanese solitary carpenter bee, Xylocopa appendiculata (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae: Anthophila: Xylocopinae: Xylocopini). Although interesting biological effects of the crude venom of carpenter bees have been reported, the structure and biological function of the venom peptides have not been elucidated yet. The venom peptide profiling of the crude venom of X. appendiculata was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectroscopy. The venom was purified by a reverse-phase HPLC. The purified peptides were subjected to the Edman degradation, MS/MS analysis, and/or molecular cloning methods for peptide sequencing. Biological and functional characterization was performed by circular dichroism analysis, liposome leakage assay, and antimicrobial, histamine releasing and hemolytic activity tests. Three novel peptides with m/z 16508, 1939.3, and 1900.3 were isolated from the venom of X. appendiculata. The peptide with m/z 16508 was characterized as a secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2) homolog in which the characteristic cysteine residues as well as the active site residues found in bee PLA2s are highly conserved. Two novel peptides with m/z 1939.3 and m/z 1900.3 were named as Xac-1 and Xac-2, respectively. These peptides are found to be amphiphilic and displayed antimicrobial and hemolytic activities. The potency was almost the same as that of mastoparan isolated from the wasp venom. We found three novel biologically active peptides in the venom of X. appendiculata and analyzed their molecular functions, and compared their sequential homology to discuss their molecular diversity. Highly sensitive mass analysis plays an important role in this study.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 38 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 38 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 8 21%
Student > Ph. D. Student 5 13%
Professor 3 8%
Researcher 3 8%
Other 2 5%
Other 5 13%
Unknown 12 32%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 6 16%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 5 13%
Immunology and Microbiology 3 8%
Chemistry 2 5%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science 1 3%
Other 5 13%
Unknown 16 42%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 27 May 2017.
All research outputs
#16,051,091
of 25,382,440 outputs
Outputs from Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases
#282
of 539 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#186,275
of 326,753 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases
#6
of 10 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,382,440 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 34th percentile – i.e., 34% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 539 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.6. This one is in the 44th percentile – i.e., 44% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 326,753 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 39th percentile – i.e., 39% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 10 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has scored higher than 4 of them.