Title |
Innate immunity and monocyte-macrophage activation in atherosclerosis
|
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Published in |
Journal of Inflammation, April 2011
|
DOI | 10.1186/1476-9255-8-9 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Joseph Shalhoub, Mika A Falck-Hansen, Alun H Davies, Claudia Monaco |
Abstract |
Innate inflammation is a hallmark of both experimental and human atherosclerosis. The predominant innate immune cell in the atherosclerotic plaque is the monocyte-macrophage. The behaviour of this cell type within the plaque is heterogeneous and depends on the recruitment of diverse monocyte subsets. Furthermore, the plaque microenvironment offers polarisation and activation signals which impact on phenotype. Microenvironmental signals are sensed through pattern recognition receptors, including toll-like and NOD-like receptors - the latter of which are components of the inflammasome - thus dictating macrophage behaviour and outcome in atherosclerosis. Recently cholesterol crystals and modified lipoproteins have been recognised as able to directly engage these pattern recognition receptors. The convergent role of such pathways in terms of macrophage activation is discussed in this review. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 5 | 2% |
Germany | 2 | <1% |
United States | 2 | <1% |
Canada | 2 | <1% |
Brazil | 1 | <1% |
Ireland | 1 | <1% |
Indonesia | 1 | <1% |
Russia | 1 | <1% |
Belgium | 1 | <1% |
Other | 2 | <1% |
Unknown | 227 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 53 | 22% |
Researcher | 44 | 18% |
Student > Master | 31 | 13% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 17 | 7% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 15 | 6% |
Other | 61 | 25% |
Unknown | 24 | 10% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 95 | 39% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 58 | 24% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 24 | 10% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 17 | 7% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 5 | 2% |
Other | 13 | 5% |
Unknown | 33 | 13% |